Pasif Active

Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, Kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.

Contoh :

1. Active  : We fertilize the soil every 6 months 
    Passive : The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months  
2. Active  : Ayumi eats takoyaki (Ayumi makan takoyaki)
    Passive : Takoyaki is eaten by Ayumi (Takoyaki dimakan Ayumi)
3. Active  : Takeshi meets Shizuka everyday
    Passive : Shizuka is met by Takeshi everyday

·    Sumber :

    http://aldianferla.blogspot.com/2013/05/pengertian-rumus-contoh-passive.html

    http://anniskartika.blogspot.com/2011/03/pengertian-active-dan-passive-voice.html

·

IF CLAUSE

If Clause Type I

if + Simple Present, will-Future
Type I indicates what will happen, provided that a certain situation is given.
Examples:

If you send your order by fax, we will deliver the goods immediately.
If you invite me for lunch, I will help you with your presentation. 

If anita have more time Anita will clean the toilet.

If Clause Type II

if + Simple Past, would + infinitive
Type II indicates what could happen if a present situation were different.
Examples:

If we had more employees, we would work more efficiently.
If we delivered poor quality, we would not be the leading company in our business. 

If they told their father, he would be very angry.

If Clause Type III

if + Past Perfect, would + have + past participle
Type III indicates what could have happened in the past if a situation had been different then.
Examples:

If you had read the paper, you would have seen the advertisement.
If I had taken the bus, I would have been late.

If they hadn’t went to home, they would have found the rain

 

 

Sumber:

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/business-english/grammar/conditional-sentences

 http://khydayme.blogspot.com/2011/04/conditional-sentences-if-clause.html

Soal Toefl

1. He has been used to eating bacon and eggs every morning

2.  The team really looks good tonight because the coach had them practice every night this week 

3. You had better reserve your seatstodau if you want to go to the game.

4. Your didn't she sister used to visit you quite often

5. Mr. Reagan was the first to break the long chain of unfortunate events

6. There is often disagreement as to who is the better students, Bob or Helen

7. A few of us girls are planning to drive to Florida today.

8. Please go to the third window to pick up your ID card.

9. It’s a shame that you have solittle time in New York on the tour

10. She hasn’t seen her family since three years ago
 
11. this coffee tastes a little strong to me.

12. It is such a snowy day that travel advisories have been issued for most themajor highways.

13. I like these dises, but the tea cup is a little too small

14. I will return your notes assoon as i finish copying them.

15. Although she is very popular, she is not prettier than her sister.




Sumber : google

Simple Present Tense

1. Simple present tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini.
Contohnya :
1.  She sends much money to her parents in the village every month.
2.  The sun rises from the east and sets in the west.
3.  Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius.
4.  We agree with the speaker’s opinion.
5.  The ship leaves the harbour this night at 7 o’clock
2. Present continuous tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung sekarang (present) atau rencana dimasa depan (future)
Contohnya :
1. The maid is brushing the bathroom floor.
2.  He’s learning English in order to be a great guide.
3.  I’m spending my holiday on Kuta beach next month.
4.  You can’t call me this night. I’m going to my best friend’s wedding.
5.  I’m getting sick of you always asking the same questions.

3. Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi dimasa lampau. Pada simple past tense, waktu kejadian (yesterday, last two days, last year) atau periode waktunya (for two months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik.
Contohnya :
1.  Vina and I went to the Ragunan zoo three months ago.
2.  I studied civil engineering for almost 4 years
3.  I often did exercise in the gym when I lived in Bandung.
4.  I was reading a journal in the library when someone burped out loud.
5.  I had already had breakfast when he picked me up.

4. Past continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu dimasa lampau. Aksi tersebut telah dimulai tapi belum selesai pada saat itu.
Contohnya :
1.  I was shopping at this time yesterday.
2.  I was doing physically exercises all day.
3.  She was sleeping when you called her.
4.  The girl was always yelling out loud.
5.  My neighbor was always chasing stray cats off with his broom.

5. Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Contohnya :
1.  I’ve read this book.
2.  She has called you three times.
3.  She has studied in French since April.
4.  I’ve just sent you an email.
5.  I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months.

6. Present perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai dimasa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Aksi pada present perfect continuous tense biasanya berdurasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.
Contohnya :
1.  The construction labors is thirsty since they have been removing the scaffoldings.
2.  Mandy feels full as she’s been eating a half of the tart.
3.  It has just been snowing in Japan.
4.  I’ve been driving a car through the rain for an hour.
5.  The passangers have been waiting for the next flight since this morning.

7.  Past perfect tense adalah salah satu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi.
Contohnya :
1.  When he came last night, the cake had run out.
2.  I had already had breakfast by the time he picked me up.
3.  They had met twice before married.
4.  He said that he had listened carefully the instruction.
5.  Rina would been the same level with me if she had studied harder.

8.  Past perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu dimasa lalu.
Contohnya :
1.  When the guests came, we had been waiting for an hour.
2.  He had been standing in front of the door for thirthy minutes before it was opened.
3.  She was annoyed since she had been waiting for 2 hours on the bus station.
4.  By the time the teacher came, the students had been reading a half part of the text.
5.  I had been working with my computer all day, and all I wanted to do was eat some chocolate.



Sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com